Home
Understanding Dry Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)
Welcome to Zollara Vision Services. We've created this resource to help you better understand dry age-related macular degeneration, often called dry AMD. Whether you've recently received a diagnosis or you're supporting someone who has, we're here to provide clear, accessible information in plain English.
This page offers general guidance to help you feel more informed and confident. It doesn't replace the advice of your optician or ophthalmologist, who will always be your best source of personalised care and support.
Patient Education
Zollara Vision Services
What Is AMD?
Age-related macular degeneration is an eye condition that affects the macula, a small but vital part of your retina located at the back of your eye. The macula is responsible for your central vision—the sharp, detailed sight you use when reading, recognising faces, or watching television.
When AMD develops, changes occur in the macula that can gradually affect how clearly you see things directly in front of you. It's one of the most common eye conditions amongst older adults, and whilst it affects central vision, it typically doesn't cause complete loss of sight. Your peripheral vision—what you see at the sides—usually remains intact.
Understanding what's happening in your eye can help you feel more prepared and confident about managing your eye health going forward.
What Is Dry AMD?
Dry AMD is the most common form of age-related macular degeneration, accounting for the majority of cases. Unlike other forms, dry AMD tends to develop gradually and slowly over months or years. This slow progression means that many people adapt well to changes as they occur.
In dry AMD, tiny deposits called drusen begin to build up beneath the macula. Over time, the cells in the macula may become thinner or less effective at their job. Because these changes happen slowly, you might not notice symptoms immediately—or they may be quite mild at first.
Gradual Development
Dry AMD progresses slowly, often over many years, giving you time to adjust and plan.
Most Common Form
The majority of people diagnosed with AMD have the dry form, which is well understood by eye care professionals.
Regular Monitoring
Routine eye examinations help your optician track any changes and provide appropriate guidance.
How Dry AMD May Affect Vision
People with dry AMD experience a range of symptoms, and everyone's experience is different. Some notice changes quite early, whilst others may have very mild symptoms for a long time. It's important to remember that dry AMD affects central vision, so the centre of what you're looking at may appear less clear or detailed.
Common Visual Changes
  • Difficulty reading small print or seeing fine details
  • Trouble recognising faces, especially from a distance
  • Needing brighter light for tasks like reading or cooking
  • Colours appearing less vivid or slightly faded
  • A blurred or hazy area in the centre of your vision
These changes can feel frustrating, but many people find practical strategies and tools that help them continue doing the activities they enjoy. Your optician can suggest adjustments and aids tailored to your needs.

It's important to know that symptoms vary widely. Some people experience minimal changes, whilst others notice more significant effects. Your eye care professional will help you understand what to expect in your individual situation.
How Dry AMD Typically Progresses
One of the reassuring aspects of dry AMD is that it usually progresses slowly. For many people, changes happen gradually over years rather than weeks or months. This slower pace allows time to adapt, learn new strategies, and make adjustments to daily routines without feeling rushed or overwhelmed.
Regular eye examinations are an essential part of monitoring dry AMD. During these check-ups, your optician or ophthalmologist will carefully examine your macula and track any changes. These appointments provide an opportunity to discuss what you're experiencing, ask questions, and receive guidance tailored to your situation.
01
Early Stage
Small deposits form beneath the macula. Vision may remain relatively unchanged, and many people don't notice symptoms.
02
Intermediate Stage
More deposits appear, and cells in the macula begin to thin. Some people notice mild changes in central vision.
03
Advanced Stage
Larger areas of the macula are affected. Central vision changes become more noticeable, though peripheral vision typically remains intact.
It's important to know that not everyone progresses through all stages, and the rate of progression varies greatly. Your eye care professional will help you understand where you are and what to expect going forward.
Looking After Your Eye Health and Speaking With Your Optician
Supporting Your Eye Health
Whilst dry AMD can't be prevented entirely, there are positive steps you can take to support your overall eye health and wellbeing. Regular eye examinations are the cornerstone of good care—they allow your optician to monitor changes and provide timely advice.
Healthy lifestyle choices can also play a supportive role. Not smoking, eating a balanced diet rich in leafy greens and fish, protecting your eyes from bright sunlight, and staying physically active are all beneficial habits. Your optician may also discuss whether nutritional supplements could be appropriate for you.
Always follow the guidance of your eye care professionals. They're your best resource for personalised advice and will work with you to ensure you feel supported at every stage.
Speaking With Your Optician
Open communication with your optician or ophthalmologist is vital. Don't hesitate to ask questions, share concerns, or discuss any changes in your vision—no matter how small they seem. These conversations help your care team understand your experience and provide the most helpful guidance.
Remember, all treatment decisions and care plans are made by qualified eye care professionals who understand your unique needs. You're never alone in managing dry AMD—your optician is your partner in care.
This website provides general information only and does not replace medical advice. Zollara Vision Services does not diagnose or treat patients. All treatment decisions are made by qualified eye care professionals.
Zollara Vision Services is a division of Zollara Ltd